Pump



June 4, 1940.

J. P. JOHNSON I 2,202,911

I PUMP Filed Jan. 6, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Illll lIlHll I 3 zJg/ I m Ain u ATTORNEY June 4, 1940. J. P. JOHNSON PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I FiledJan. 6, 1958 INVENTOR. JqMEs Plan/wow ATTORNEY.

Patented June 4, 1940- UNITED STATES PUMP a James P. Johnson, ShakerHeights, Ohio, assignor, by mesne assignments, to Pump EngineeringService Corporation, ration of Ohio Application January 6,

2 Claims.

This invention relates to rotary pumps and more particularly to pumpsemploying slidable vanes or blades and has for its primary object toprovide a pump of the type referred to which is simple in construction,efficient in operation and inexpensive to manufacture.

Heretofore, in the production of pumps of the type referred to, it hasbeen general practice to provide inlet and outlet passageways in thepump housing and where the latter is cast these passageways are usuallycored out. Due to their location and shape it is difiicult to clean ormachine these passageways with the result that such V operations areexpensive and if not properly performed the pump mils to operate at itsmaximum efficiency. It is therefore, a further object of the presentinvention to eliminate the aforesaid objectionable features by providinga separable element on which such passageways are formed with ease andaccuracy and subsequently mounting the element in the housing so thatthe passageways function in the manner intended.

A still further object of the invention is to 5 provide a separate rotorassembly which is of unitary arrangement and adapted to be subsequentlymounted in the pump housing thereby eliminating the possibility of rotormisalignment or binding.

Another object of the present invention is to utilize the separableelement on which the passageways are formed as an element of the rotorassembly unit thereby simplifying the construcion.

With the objects above indicated and other objects hereinafter explainedin view my invention consists in the construction and combination ofelements hereinafter described and claimed.

Referring to the drawings,

Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a pump embodying the presentinvention.

Figure 2 is a. vertical sectional view taken on line 22 in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the stator and rotor unit showingthe different elements in extended relation.

Figure 4 is a side elevational view of the stator 3 and rotor unit withthe elements in assembled position.

Figure 5 is a front elevational view of one of the blades.

Figure 6 is a top plan view of that shown in 55 Figure 5.

Cleveland, Ohio, a corpo- 1938, Serial No. 183,639

Figure '7 is a top plan view of that shown in Figure 2.

Figure 8 is an end elevational view of that shown in Figure 2. t

Figure 9 is a developed view of the separable element shown in Figure 3and illustrates the relationship of the passageways and by arrows thedirection of flow of fluid.

Figure 10 is a vertical sectional view of a different construction ofpump and showing a modification of the oil seal.

In the drawings I have illustrated a pump embodying the presentinvention designed particularly for use on aircraft, but it should beunderstood that the invention is adapted for other uses and is nottherefore to be so restricted.

Referring more particularly to Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, the pumpcomprises a housing 20, preferably an aluminum casting, which has a bodyportion 2| of circular shape provided with an axial bore 22 extendinginwardly from one end thereof and terminated by an end wall 23. The bodyportion 2| is provided with an inlet connection 24 interiorlyscrewthreaded and an outlet connection 25 also interiorly screwthreaded,which communicate respectively, by an inlet passageway 26 and an outletpassageway 21, with the interior of the bore 22 as more clearly shown inFigure 8. The body portion 21 has a laterally extending flange 28adjacent its open end adapted to receive a cover member 29, which isalso an aluminum casting, which extends across the open end of the bodyportion 2| and to which it is detachably connected by a plurality ofbolts 30.

A packing ring 3|, preferably rubber, is disposed in a marginal groove32 provided in the body portion 2| and is engaged by the cover member 29when the latter is secured to place to provide a seal against the escapeof the lubricant employed for lubricating the movable parts of the pump.The cover member 29 is provided with an inwardly extending circularflange 33 the outer peripheral surface of which slidably fits within theadjacent end of the bore 22. The inner side of the cover member 291sformed with a circular recess 34 to lighten the structure.

The stator and rotor assembly is made up as a unit and insertable withinthe bore 22 of the housing 20. This arrangement has two importantobjectives namely, that it simplifies the formation of the inlet andoutlet passageways and by securing the rotor in the unit before assemblyin the housing prevents rotor misalignment and binding. The stator androtor unit, shown more clearly in Figure 3, comprises a sleeve 35, whichmay be a casting, and of a diameter to permit its being fit within thebore 22 as shown in Figure 2. The sleeve has an axial bore 36 and itsouter peripheral surface is provided with non-communicating recessedportions constituting an inlet passageway 31 and an outlet passageway 38shown more clearly in the developed view Figure 9. The sleeve 35 isprovided with a pair of inlet and exhaust ports 39 and 40 respectivelyof substantially rectangular shape and which ports are spaced apart butin parallelism. The sleeve 35 is provided with a second pair of inletand exhaust ports of identical shape and arrangement which are locateddiametrically opposite to the first pair of ports but in this case therelative position of the inlet and exhaust ports is reversed. It will benoted therefore, that the inlet and outlet passageways 31 and 38 extendangularly thus connecting their respective inlet and exhaust ports. Whenthe sleeve 35 is properly positioned within the bore 22, the inletpassageway 26 communicates with the adjacent inlet port 39 and theoutlet passageway 21 communicates with the adjacent exhaust port 40.

Cam members 4| and 42 are of identical formation and are disposed onopposite sides of the sleeve 35. These cam members have laterallyextending flanges 43 which engage the adjacent ends of the sleeve andare detachably connected thereto by bolts 44, which in the presentinstance are located on diametrically opposite sides as shown in Figure3. The cam members have portions 45 which extend into the bore 36 andaxially aligned openings 46 for 'a purpose to be later described. One ofthe cam members, in this instance the cam member 42, may be providedwith an opening in its outer face which aligns with a similar opening inthe end wall 23 to receive a pin 41 for properly positioning the rotorassembly within the bore 22. The inner faces of the cam members 4| and42 are identical except for their relative positions and each have twohelical surfaces 48 and 49 which start from a segmental flat surface 50and extend therefrom in opposite directions and terminate in a segmentalfiat surface 5| identical with and diametrically opposite to thesegmental surface 56 but lying indiflerent plains. The adjacent surfacesof the cam members 4| and 42 are ar ranged so as to be alwaysin-parallelism and are maintained in this spaced relationship by thesleeve 35 and bolts 44. It will be noted that the helical surfaces 48and 49 of the cam members, when assembled in the sleeve 35, extendangularly across the inlet and exhaust ports 39 and 40 producingsubstantially triangularly shaped ports as shown in Figure 4.

A rotor 52, of hardened steel, has a circum ferential extension 53disposed concentrically within the sleeve 35 and is adapted for runningengagement therewith. The extension 53 is also disposed between the cammembers 4| and 42 and the opposite sides have running engagement withthe segmental flat surfaces 5| thus separating the inlet and exhaustports 39 and 40 so as to provide non-communicating chambers on oppositesides of the pump structure. The rotor has coaxial extensions 54 onopposite sides of the circumferential extension 53 which project intoand are freely rotatable within the openings 46 in the cam members. Thecircumferential extension 53 has a plurality of radially disposed slots53a, three of such slots being illustrated but any'desired number may beused depending upon the purpose intended. Blades 65 are slidably mountedin the slots 53a. and project beyond the sides of the circumferentialextension 53 in such a manner that the opposite ends are in engagementwith the adjacent surfaces of the cam members whereby upon rotation ofthe rotor the blades 55 are shifted laterally on opposite sides of thecircumferential extension 53. The outer edges of the blades 55 haverunning engagement with the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 35and to reduce frictional resistance to a minimum the outer edges andopposite sides of the blades are suitably rounded. The rotor 52 hasaxially disposed stub shafts 56 and 51 formed integral therewith and bywhich the rotor may be rotatably mounted. The rotor is provided with aplurality of openings 58 which extend longitudinally thereof so as tolighten the structure and an axial opening 58' is provided so that thelubricant may pass therethrough to opposite sides of the pump forsuitably lubricating the moving parts.

It will be noted that the cam members 4| and 42 and rotor 52 are firstmounted in the sleeve 35 and when properly assembled the bolts 44 arescrewed into place and the unit is complete. It is then inserted in thebore 22 and the cover member attached.

The stub shafts 56 and 51 are rotatably mounted in anti-frictionbearings 59 and 60 secured in recesses provided in the end wall 23 andcover member 29 respectively. The cover member 29 has an integral axialextension 6| provided with a lateral flange 62 the outer surface ofwhich is offset to provide a marginal recess 63 and attaching plate 64has an opening 65 which enables the plate to be disposed in the recess63. Bolts 66 detachably connect the plate 64 to the flange 62 and theplate is provided with additional openings by means of which the pumpmay be suitably connected. The extension 6| has an axial opening 61which is enlarged at its inner portion to provide a shoulder 68. Abushing 69 is secured within the opening 61 and has a lateral flange 16which abuts the shoulder 68. A sleeve H is rotatably mounted in thebushing 69 and has a lateral flange 12 which engages the adjacent end ofthe bushing 69 to form a seal against the escape of the lubricant.Pressure between the engaging portions of these members may be effectedin any well known manner. In the present instance the clamping of thecover member to the body portion causes the inner race of the adjacentbearing to exert pressure against the inner end of the sleeve II to holdthe flange 72 in contact with the end of the bushing 69. This sleeve His provided with a square opening 13 which receives the squared end ofthe stub shaft 5'! for "rotation therewith. A plug 14 is received aboutmidway in the opening 13 to close the same against the escape of thelubricant. The outer end of the opening is adapted to receive the end ofa drive or driven means.

In Figure 10 a sectional view of a pump is illustrated wherein amodified form of seal is used. In this construction a coil spring 15encircles a portion of the stub shaft 16 and has one end abutting theinner race of the antifriction bearing 11 and its opposite end abuttingthe adjacent end of the sleeve 18 so as to maintain the sleeve andbushing in sealing engagement. The structure of the pump shows the inletand outlet passageways provided in the housing.

In the operation of the pump reference may be had to Figure 9 whichillustrates diagrammatically a developed view of the outer surface ofthe sleeve 35 showing the relationship of the inlet and outletpassageways and their respective ports. Assuming that the rotor 52 isbeing driven in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 1, the blades55 are carried therewith and as the opposite sides of the blades passover the helical surfaces 48 and 49 of the cam members, the blades aremoved laterally successively on one side of the circumferentialextension 53 and in the same manner on the other side of thecircumferential extension 53 diametrically opposite.

The action of the blades 55 during rotation of the rotor creates avacuum in the inlet passageway 3'! which causes fluid to be drawn intothe passageway through the inlet connection 24 and through the inletports 39 on diametrically opposite sides of the circumferentialextension 53. A pressure is created in the outlet passageway 38 and thefluid is transferred by the blades to the exhaust ports 40, whichlikewise are located on diametrically opposite sides of thecircumferential extension 53, through which it is discharged into theoutlet passageway 38 and finally through the outlet connection 25 to thedesired source. As the pressure exerted on the blades is the same onopposite sides of the circumferential extension 53 the rotor is at alltimes hydrostatically balanced thereby assuring a maximum of efficiencyin its operation.

It will be understood, of course, that the device may be used as amotor, in which event, the rotor is connected to instrumentalities to beoperated thereby. Under such circumstances fluid is introduced underpressure into the inlet or outlet connections, depending upon thedesired direction of rotation of the rotor, passes through the inletpassageway 371 and inlet ports 39 on diametrically opposite sides of thecircumferential extension 53. As the pressure of the fluid is the sameon opposite sides of the blades the rotor is hydrostatically balanced atall times. The fluid after exerting its pressure upon the blades so asto rotate the rotor, is transferred to the exhaust ports 40 where it isdischarged into the outlet passageway 38 and subsequently flows outthrough the outlet connection 25 where it can be again used.

While I have described the preferred embodiment of the invention it isto be understood that I am not to be limited thereto inasmuch as changesand modifications may be resorted to without departing from the spiritof the'invention as defined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A hydraulic pump or motor comprising a.

housing having an axial bore extending inwardly from one end thereof andinlet and outlet openings for the admission and discharge of fluid, acover member extending across-the open end of said housing anddetachably connected to the latter, and a stator and rotor assemblyinsertable and removable as a unit into and from said bore andcomprising a sleeve having non-communicating passageways formed on theouter peripheral surface, members positioned on the opposite ends ofsaid sleeve and having annular portions projecting inwardly of thelatter, the inner adjacent ends being spaced apart and provided withcomplementary cam faces, a rotor having a circumferential extension theouter peripheral surface of which has running engagement with the innerperipheral surface of said sleeve between the inner spaced ends of saidannular portions, the opposite sides of said circumferential extensionbeing in running engagement with portions of said cam faces, saidcircumferential extension having a plurality of radially disposed slots,blades slidably mounted in said slots and having their opposite endsprojecting beyond the sides of said circumferential extension forengagement with the adjacent cam faces whereby, upon rotation of saidrotor, said blades are moved laterally successively on one side of saidcircumferential extension and in the reverse direction diametricallyopposite, said rotor being further provided with axially extending hubportions rotatably disposed in the annular portions of said members andaxially extending projections rotatably mounted in said housing andcover member respectively, and means detachably connecting said membersto the adjacent portions of said sleeve for maintaining'said rotorassembly in unitary relation.

2. A hydraulic pump or motor comprising a housing having an axial boreextending inwardly from one end thereof and inlet and outlet openingsfor the admission and discharge of fluid, a cover member extendingacross the open end of said housing and detachably connected to thelatter, and a stator and rotor assembly insertable and removable as aunit into and from said bore and comprising a cast sleeve havingnon-communicating angularly disposed passageways formed upon the outerperipheral surface communicating at their opposite ends respectivelywith pairs of inlet and exhaust ports on diametrically opposite sides,one pair of ports being arranged in reverse relation with respect to theother pair of ports, members positioned on the opposite ends of saidsleeve and having annular portions projecting inwardly of the latter,the inner adjacent ends being spaced apart and provided withcomplementary cam faces, a rotor having a circumferential extension theouter peripheral surface of which has running engagement with the innerperipheral surface of said sleeve between the inner spaced ends of saidannular portions, the opposite sides of said circumferential extensionbeing in running engagement with portions of said cam faces, saidcircumferential extension having a plurality of radially disposed slots,blades slidably mounted in said slots and having their opposite endsprojecting beyond the sides of said circumferential extension forengagement with the adjacent cam faces whereby, upon rotation of saidrotor, said blades are moved laterally successively on one side of saidcircumferential extension and in the reverse direction diametricallyopposite, said rotor being further provided with axially extending hubportions rotatably disposed in the annular portions of said members andaxially extending projections rotatably mounted in said housing andcover member respectively, and means detachably connecting said membersto the adjacent portions of said sleeve for maintaining said rotorassembly in unitary relation.

JAMES P. JOHNSON.

